Monday, January 31, 2011

Heart Problems - Cholesterol

Cholesterol is a waxy STEROID METABOTILE found in the CELL MEMBRANCES and transported in the BLOOD PLASMA of all animals It is an essential structural component of mammalian cell membranes, where it is required to establish proper membrane permeability and fluidity . In addition, cholesterol is an important component for the menufacture of bile acids, steriod hormones, and vitamin D . Cholesterol is the principal sterol synthesized by animals, but small quantities are synthesized in other eukaryotes, such as plants and fungi . It is almost completely absent among prokaryotes , which include bacteria. Although cholesterol is an important and necessary molecule for animals, a high level of serum cholesterol is an indicator for diseases such as HEART DISEASE.

The name cholesterol originates from the GREEK chole- (BILE) and stereos (solid), and the CHEMICAL SUFFIX -ol for an alcohol, as François Poulletier de la Salle first identified cholesterol in solid form in Gallstones, in 1769. However, it was only in 1815 that chemist EUGENE CHEYREUL named the compound "cholesterine".

LDL and HDL

According to the LIPID HYPOTHESIS, abnormal cholesterol levels (HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA)—that is, higher concentrations of LDL and lower concentrations of functional HDL—are strongly associated with CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE because these promote ATHEROMA development in arteries . This disease process leads to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (heart attack),STROKE, and PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE . Since higher blood LDL, especially higher LDL particle concentrations and smaller LDL particle size, contribute to this process more than the cholesterol content of the LDL particles, LDL particles are often termed "bad cholesterol" because they have been linked to atheroma formation. On the other hand, high concentrations of functional HDL, which can remove cholesterol from cells and atheroma, offer protection and are sometimes referred to as "good cholesterol". These balances are mostly genetically determined but can be changed by body build, MEDICATIONS , food choices, and other factors.

You can avoid this risk by changing your Life style, exercise and food habits.

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Heart Problems - Hypertension

Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure is A CARDIA CHRONIC MEDICAL CONDITION in which the systemic arterial blood pressure elevated. It is the opposite of hypotension . Hypertension is classified as either primary (essential) or secondary. About 90–95% of cases are termed "primary hypertension", which refers to high blood pressure for which no medical cause can be found. The remaining 5–10% of cases ( Secondary hypertension) are caused by other conditions that affect the kidneys, arteries, heart, or endocrine system.

Persistent hypertension is one of the risk factors for stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure and arterial aneurysm , and is a leading cause of CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE.Moderate elevation of arterial blood pressure leads to shortened life expentancy . Dietary and lifestyle changes can improve blood pressure control and decrease the risk of associated health complications, although drug treatment may prove necessary in patients for whom lifestyle changes prove ineffective or insufficient.

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Heart Problems - Diabetes

You prevent heart problems by keeping
1. Diabetes 2. Hypertension and 3. Cholestoral to Normal levels.

Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus, often simply referred to as diabetes—is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high BLOOD SUGAR , either because the body does not produce enough INSULIN, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. This high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of POLYURIA (frequent urination), POLYDIPSIA (increased thirst) and POLYPHAGIA (increased hunger).

There are three main types of diabetes

Type 1 diabetes: results from the body's failure to produce insulin, and presently requires the person to inject insulin. (Also referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM for short, and juvenile diabetes.)

  • Type 2 diabetes: results from INSULIN RESISTANCE , a condition in which cells fail to use insulin properly, sometimes combined with an absolute insulin deficiency. (Formerly referred to as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM for short, and adult-onset diabetes.)
  • GESTATIONAL DIABETES is when pregnant women, who have never had diabetes before, have a high blood glucose level during pregnancy. It may precede development of type 2 DM.

Other forms of diabetes mellitus include congenital diabetes, which is due to genetic defects of insulin secretion, cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, steroid diabetes induced by high doses of glucocorticoids, and several forms of MONOGENIC DIABETES.

All forms of diabetes have been treatable since INSULIN became available in 1921, and type 2 diabetes may be controlled with medications. Both type 1 and 2 are CHRONIC conditions that usually cannot be cured. PANCREAS TRANSPLANTS have been tried with limited success in type 1 DM;GASTRIC BYPASS SURGERY has been successful in many with MORBID OBESITY and type 2 DM. Gestational diabetes usually resolves after delivery. Diabetes without proper treatments can cause many complications. ACUTE complications include HYPOGLYCEMIA, DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS , or NONKETOTIC HYPEROSMOLAR COMA . Serious long-term complications include CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE, RETINAL DAMAGE, . Adequate treatment of diabetes is thus important, as well as BLOOD PRESSURE control and lifestyle factors such as SMOKING cessation and maintaining a healthy BODY WEIGHT.

As of 2000 at least 171 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, or 2.8% of the population.Type 2 diabetes is by far the most common, affecting 90 to 95% of the U.S. diabetes population

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Heart Problems - Cardiovascular

Cardiovascular disease is any of a number of specific diseases that affect the heart itself and/or the blood vessel system, especially the veins and arteries leading to and from the heart. Research on disease dimorphism suggests that women who suffer with cardiovascular disease usually suffer from forms that affect the blood vessels while men usually suffer from forms that affect the heart muscle itself. Known or associated causes of cardiovascular disease include DIABETES MELLITUS, HYPERTENSION, HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA & HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA

Types of cardiovascular disease include:

Ischaemic heart disease

  • ISCHEAMIC HEART DISEASE -another disease of the heart itself, characterized by reduced blood supply to the organs.

Heart failure

Heart failure, also called congestive heart failure (or CHF), and congestive cardiac failure (CCF), is a condition that can result from any structural or functional CARDOAC disorder that impairs the ability of the HEART to fill with or pump a sufficient amount of BLOOD throughout the body. Therefore leading to the HEART and body's failure.

COR PULMONALE, a failure of the right side of the heart.

Hypertensive heart disease

Hypertensive heart disease is heart disease caused by high blood pressure, especially localised high blood pressure. Conditions that can be caused by hypertensive heart disease include:

  • LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY
  • CORONARY HEART DISEASE
  • (CONGESTIVE) HEART FAILURE
  • HYPERTENSIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY


Inflammatory heart disease

Inflammatory heart disease involves inflammation of the heart muscle and/or the tissue surrounding it.

  • ENDOCARDITIS -INFLAMATION of the inner layer of the HEART , the ENDOCARDIUM . The most common structures involved are the HEART VALVES .
  • INFLAMMATORY CARDIOMEGALY
  • MYOCARDITIS - INFLAMMATION of the MYOCARDIUM, the muscular part of the heart

Valvular heart disease

Valvular heart disease is disease process that affects one or more VALVES of the HEART . There are four major heart valve which may be affected by valvular heart disease, including the TRICUSPIC and AORTIC VALVES in the right side of the heart, as well as the MITRAL and AORTIC VALVES in the left side of the heart.


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Heart Porblems-Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy literally means "heart muscle disease" (Myo= muscle, pathy= disease) It is the deterioration of the function of the MYOCARDIUM (i.e., the actual heart muscle) for any reason. People with cardiomyopathy are often at risk of ARRYTHMIA and/or SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH .

  • Extrinsic cardiomyopathies – cardiomyopathies where the primary pathology is outside the myocardium itself. Most cardiomyopathies are extrinsic, because by far the most common cause of a cardiomyopathy is ischemia .
  • ALCOHOLIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
  • CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
  • CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
  • NUTRITIONAL DISEASES AFFECTING THE HERT
  • ISCHEMIC OR ISCHEAMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
  • VALVULR CARDIOMYOPATHY
  • INFLAMMATORY CARDIOMYOPTHY
  • CARDIOMYOPATHY SECONDARY TO A SYSTEMIC METABOLIC DISEASE
  • MYOCARDIODYSTROPHY

  • Intrinsic cardiomyopathies – weakness in the muscle of the heart that is not due to an identifiable external cause.
    • DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY(DCM) – most common form, and one of the leading indications for HEART TRANSPLANTATION . In DCM the heart (especially the LEFT VENTRICLE ) is enlarged and the pumping function is diminished.
    • HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY(HCM or HOCM) –GENETIC DISORDER caused by various MUTATIONS in genes encoding SARCOMERIC proteins. In HCM the heart muscle is thickened, which can obstruct blood flow and prevent the heart from functioning properly.
    • ARRYTHEMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR CARDIOMYOPATHY(ARVC) – arises from an electrical disturbance of the heart in which heart muscle is replaced by fibrous scar tissue. The RIGHT VENTRICLE is generally most affected.
    • RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY(RCM) – least common cardiomyopathy. The walls of the ventricles are stiff, but may not be thickened, and resist the normal filling of the heart with blood.
    • NONCOMPACTION CARDIOMYOPATHY– the left ventricle wall has failed to properly grow from birth and such has a spongy appearance when viewed during an echocardiogram
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Tuesday, January 25, 2011

Heart Blocks

The heart has four chambers. The top two are called the atria. The bottom two are called the ventricles.

The heart's "natural" pacemaker is called the sinoatrial (SA) node or sinus node. It's a small mass of specialized cells in the heart's right atrium. It produces electrical impulses that make your heart beat. For your heart to beat properly, the signal must travel from the SA node down a specific path to reach the ventricles. As the signal goes from the atria to the ventricles, it passes through specialized conducting tissue called the atrioventricular (A'tre-o-ven-TRIK'u-ler) (AV) node.

On an electrocardiogram (e-lek"tro-KAR'de-o-gram) (ECG), a portion of the graph called the P wave shows the impulse passing through the atria. Another portion of the graph, the QRS wave, shows the impulse passing through the ventricles. As long as the impulse is transmitted normally, the heart pumps and beats at a regular pace.

What is heart block?

Sometimes the signal from the heart's upper to lower chambers is impaired or doesn't transmit. This is "heart block" or "AV block." This does not mean that the blood flow or blood vessels are blocked.

Heart block is classified according to the level of impairment — first-degree heart block, second-degree heart block or third-degree (complete) heart block.

What is first-degree heart block?

First-degree heart block, or first-degree AV block, is when the electrical impulse moves through the AV node more slowly than normal. The time it takes for the impulse to get from the atria to the ventricles (the PR interval) should be less than about 0.2 seconds. If it takes longer than this, it's called first-degree heart block.

Heart rate and rhythm are normal, and there may be nothing wrong with the heart.

Certain heart medicines such as digitalis (DIJ'ih-TAL'is) can slow conduction of the impulse from the atria to the ventricles and cause first-degree AV block. Also, well-trained athletes may have it.

Generally, no treatment is necessary for first-degree heart block.

What is second-degree heart block?

In this condition, some signals from the atria don't reach the ventricles. This causes "dropped beats." On an ECG, the P wave isn't followed by the QRS wave, because the ventricles weren't activated. There are two types:

  • Type I second-degree heart block, or Mobitz Type I, or Wenckebach's AV block. Electrical impulses are delayed more and more with each heartbeat until a beat is skipped. This condition is not too serious but sometimes causes dizziness and/or other symptoms.

  • Type II second-degree heart block, or Mobitz Type II. This is less common than Type I but generally more serious. Because electrical impulses can't reach the ventricles, an abnormally slow heartbeat may result. In some cases a pacemaker is needed.

What is third-degree or complete heart block?

Complete heart block (complete AV block) means that the heart's electrical signal doesn't pass from the upper to the lower chambers. When this occurs, an independent pacemaker in the lower chambers takes over. The ventricles can contract and pump blood, but at a slower rate than that of the atrial pacemaker.

These impulses are called functional or ventricular scope beats. They're usually very slow and can't generate the signals needed to maintain full functioning of the heart muscle. On the ECG, there's no normal relationship between the P and the QRS waves.

Complete heart block is most often caused in adults by heart disease or as a side effect of drug toxicity. Heart block also can be present at — or even before — birth. (This is called congenital heart block.) It also may result from an injury to the electrical conduction system during heart surgery. Complete heart block may be a medical emergency with potentially severe symptoms and a serious risk of cardiac arrest (sudden cardiac death). If a pacemaker can't be implanted immediately, a temporary pacemaker might be used to keep the heart pumping until surgery can be performed.

If you take precautions such as 1. Food Habits 2. If you keep peace Mind 3. Regular Exercise help you to avoid operations

Through Meditation you can cure this problem

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Heart Attacks

The American Heart Association and other medical experts say the body likely will send one or more of these warning signals of a HEART ATTACK


  • Uncomfortable pressure, fullness, squeezing or pain in the center of the chest lasting more than a few minutes.
  • Pain spreading to the shoulders, neck or arms. The pain may be mild to intense. It may feel like pressure, tightness, burning, or heavy weight. It may be located in the chest, upper abdomen, neck, jaw, or inside the arms or shoulders.
  • Chest discomfort with lightheadedness, fainting, sweating, nausea or shortness of breath.
  • Anxiety, nervousness and/or cold, sweaty skin.
  • Paleness or pallor.
  • Increased or irregular heart rate.
  • Feeling of impending doom.
  • HEART ATTACK PROBLEMS ARE DIMINISHED WHEN YOU 1. EXCERSISE 2.CHANGING FOOD HABITS
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Health Problems

HEALTH PROBLEMS

Generally Health Problems of any family is different from member to member. One may suffer from one health problem

and another may suffer from other.

As per Astrology the health problems depends on planetary position at their birth time.

The zodiac is 360 degrees. Each degree is identified by group of planets. Depend upon planetary position we judge

it is good or bad.

All health problems we face during the malefic/adverse periods

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